Non Tunneled & Tunneled HD Catheter Insertions

  1. Home
  2. Non Tunneled & Tunneled HD Catheter Insertions

What are Non-Tunneled and Tunneled HD Catheter Insertions?

Hemodialysis (HD) catheters are used to provide access to the bloodstream for patients requiring hemodialysis treatment. These catheters are categorized into two main types:

Non-Tunneled HD Catheters:
  • These are temporary catheters inserted directly into a large vein, such as the internal jugular, subclavian, or femoral vein.
  • Commonly used in emergency situations or for short-term dialysis.

Tunneled HD Catheters:
  • These are semi-permanent catheters inserted into a large vein and tunneled under the skin before reaching the insertion site.
  • Designed for long-term use when other vascular access options, like arteriovenous fistulas, are not available.

Symptoms and Causes

Symptoms Indicating the Need for HD Catheters:

  • End-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring hemodialysis
  • Acute kidney injury leading to temporary dialysis
  • Inability to create or use an arteriovenous fistula or graft

Causes Leading to Catheter Placement:

  • Chronic kidney disease progression to ESRD
  • Vascular complications preventing other types of access
  • Urgent medical conditions necessitating immediate dialysis

Diagnosis and Tests

To determine the need and appropriateness for HD catheter insertion, healthcare providers conduct:

Medical History and Physical Examination:

  • Assessing kidney function, existing vascular access, and general health.

Imaging Studies:

  • Ultrasound or venography to evaluate vein health and identify the best insertion site.

Blood Tests:

  • Monitoring levels of creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and electrolytes.

Procedure Overview

Non-Tunneled Catheter Insertion:
  • Performed under local anesthesia, often at the bedside.
  • The catheter is inserted directly into a central vein.
Tunneled Catheter Insertion:
  • Performed under local or general anesthesia in an operating room or interventional radiology suite.
  • A portion of the catheter is tunneled under the skin to reduce infection risk.
  • A cuff on the catheter further minimizes infection by promoting tissue growth around it.

Conclusion

Non-tunneled and tunneled HD catheter insertions are critical procedures for patients requiring immediate or long-term hemodialysis. Proper care and regular follow-ups are essential to prevent complications and ensure optimal catheter function. For more personalized advice, consult your healthcare provider or dialysis specialist.

Book an Appointment